Cells


Links

Animal Cell Anatomy (website)

Cells Alive (website)

Pg. 51 - 53 Science Textbook (link in homepage)

Photosynthesis and Respiration + other things (YouTube video)

Pg. 54 Science Textbook - some parts of a cell

Complex worksheet 


Levels of Organisation


Animal Cell Diagram


Plant Cell Diagram



Use the above images in the table for reference

Explanation - Plants


Vacuole (light blue)

  • Stores glucose and oxygen 
  • Like a pantry
  • When cells can't photosynthesis, they use this storage 
  • More vacuole than in animal cells (because they store food and water in the vacuole)


Mitochondria (Red)

  • Cellular respiration occurs here
  • Makes/creates energy
  • Called the 'powerhouse' 
  • Less energy required than animals (less mitochondria)


Nucleus (purple/pink)

  • Contains many organelles
  • One of the organelles is chromosome which contains DNA
  • Surrounded by nuclear membrane
  • Controls what the cell does and when


Cell Membrane (inner line outline)

  • Inside the cell wall


Cell Wall (green outer outline)

  • Makes the cell in a fixed shape
  • Structural support
  • Protection


Chloroplast (green)

  • Contains tiny green pigments called chlorophyll 
  • Makes the plant green 
  • Traps sunlight 
  • Photosynthesis takes place


Chlorophyll

  • Green pigments
  • Absorbs energy from light
  • That energy is used to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates 

Explanation - Animals


Mitochondria (red)

  • Makes energy
  • The 'powerhouse'
  • Cellular Respiration occurs here
  • Greater energy required than plants (more mitochondria)


Nucleus (purple/pink)

  • Contains DNA (like the plant one)
  • Controls what the cell does and when
  • Contains many organelles
  • Contains genetic information (DNA, chromosones)


Vacuole (blue)

  • Animals eat regularly to supply with food and energy
  • Stores some glucose but doesn't need as much as plants since ^^ (point 1)


Cell Membrane (outline)

  • Lets nutrients (oxygen and glucose - energy) in
  • Takes wastes out 



Word Equation for Respiration



Word Equation for Photosynthesis


Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Main difference: Prokaryotes don't have nucleus and Eukaryotes do have a nucleus.


About Cellular Respiration


Unicellular and Multicellular

Unicellular: Organisms made up of one cell

Multicellular: Organisms made up of multiple cells


The Five Kingdoms

Extra: Large Vacuole

Monera = absent x

Protoctista = present in some /

Fungi = absent x

Plantae = present /

Animalia = absent x


Why Photosynthesis is Important

Photosynthesis is very important to both animal and plant cells. Plants photosynthesis, therefore creating oxygen from the sunlight and waste products. Without plants doing this, there would only be one lot of oxygen that would eventually run out and everyone/everything will die out of lack of energy. Lots of animals also rely on plants as their food source so without it, the food they eat would not be giving them anything (nutrients, energy).


Why do Plants need to Respire and Photosynthesis?

Plants need to do both for them to survive and for others too. Plants cannot live without respiration because that is how they make energy (animals also use respiration but not photosynthesis). Photosynthesis is another way for them to create energy (since they do not eat manually like animals) but this also creates energy for animals since they are creating oxygen from waste products and sunlight.


Which Substances Recycle during Photosynthesis and Respiration?

Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, Water and Glucose

  • Carbon dioxide (and water) gets used in photosynthesis with plants to create oxygen and glucose
  • Oxygen is used in respiration (with glucose) to create energy and carbon dioxide
  • Water is water. It gets fed to animals and plants and then they pee it out
  • Glucose is used in respiration (with oxygen) to create energy and carbon dioxide

Why Aren't Virus' Alive?

Viruses aren't alive because they aren't made of cells. They do not grow or make energy either.


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